{"id":16985,"date":"2022-01-05T19:34:45","date_gmt":"2022-01-05T16:34:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zdmaa.com\/understand-limits-of-genetic-tests-how-they-help\/"},"modified":"2022-01-06T00:12:02","modified_gmt":"2022-01-05T21:12:02","slug":"understand-limits-of-genetic-tests-how-they-help","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zdmaa.com\/tr\/understand-limits-of-genetic-tests-how-they-help\/","title":{"rendered":"Genetik testin s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n\u0131 ve nas\u0131l yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlay\u0131n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Genetik testin s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n\u0131 ve nas\u0131l yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlay\u0131n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Kansere yakalanma riskinizi azaltmak i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok ad\u0131m atabilirsiniz. <\/span>Sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmak. <\/span>Alkol t\u00fcketimini azalt\u0131n. <\/span>G\u00fcne\u015f kremi kullan\u0131n. <\/span>Bu ve di\u011fer ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, kanser geli\u015ftirme riskinizi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltabilir. <\/span>Ancak, do\u011fu\u015ftan sahip oldu\u011funuz kanser risklerini y\u00f6netmek s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, genetik profilinizde gizlenmi\u015f olabilecek bu riskler, diyetinizi veya g\u00fcnl\u00fck al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmekten daha fazla strateji gerektirir. <\/span>Genellikle, bir kan testi yard\u0131m\u0131yla belirli genetik mutasyonlar\u0131n size ge\u00e7ip ge\u00e7medi\u011fini belirleyerek yeni bilgilerin edinilmesiyle ba\u015flar.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Genetik testler, belirli genlerde kanser riskinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterebilecek mutasyonlar\u0131 arar. <\/span>Philadelphia’daki Hastanemizde lisansl\u0131 ve sertifikal\u0131 bir genetik dan\u0131\u015fman olan Melanie Korpman, “Bir hasta, kanseri erken tespit etmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilecek tarama testlerini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bu bilgiyi kullanabilir” diyor. <\/span>“Ve kanser riskini azaltmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nleyici cerrahi se\u00e7ene\u011fi olabilir.” <\/span>En dikkate de\u011fer \u00f6rnekte, aktris Angelina Jolie, meme, yumurtal\u0131k veya di\u011fer kanser riskini art\u0131ran mutasyona u\u011fram\u0131\u015f bir BRCA1 geni ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendikten sonra 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6nleyici \u00e7ift mastektomi ge\u00e7irmeyi se\u00e7ti. <\/span>Jolie’nin annesi 56 ya\u015f\u0131nda yumurtal\u0131k kanserinden \u00f6ld\u00fc. <\/span>\u0130ki y\u0131l sonra Jolie, yumurtal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve fallop t\u00fcplerini \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in ba\u015fka bir \u00f6nleyici prosed\u00fcrden ge\u00e7ti.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ancak genetik testler ne kadar faydal\u0131 olursa olsun, kanser riskini \u00f6l\u00e7mede s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlamak \u00f6nemlidir. <\/span>\u00d6rne\u011fin, kansere yakalan\u0131p yakalanmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kesin olarak tahmin edemezler ve hangi kanseri geli\u015ftirme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu belirleyemezler. <\/span>Genetik mutasyonu belirlemek, yaln\u0131zca kanser riskinizin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelebilir ve riskler birka\u00e7 kanser t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7erebilir. <\/span>T\u00fcm kanserler genetik mutasyonlarla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 de\u011fildir. <\/span>Asl\u0131nda, Ulusal Kanser Enstit\u00fcs\u00fcne g\u00f6re, kal\u0131tsal genetik kusurlar t\u00fcm kanserlerin yaln\u0131zca y\u00fczde 5 ila 10’u ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, genetik testler meme, kolorektal, pankreas, yumurtal\u0131k, prostat, tiroid ve rahim kanserleri dahil olmak \u00fczere baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n ve b\u00fcy\u00fck kanserlerin riskini \u00f6l\u00e7mede faydal\u0131 olabilir. <\/span>Testler genellikle, nesilden nesile aktar\u0131lan kusurlu genlerle karakterize edilen kal\u0131tsal kanser sendromlar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlar.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Yayg\u0131n sendromlar<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Daha yayg\u0131n sendromlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
sendrom<\/span><\/span><\/th>\ngenler<\/span><\/span><\/th>\nili\u015fkili kanserler<\/span><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Kal\u0131tsal meme kanseri ve yumurtal\u0131k kanseri sendromu<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nBRCA1 ve BRCA2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\nMeme, yumurtal\u0131k, prostat ve pankreas<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Li-Fraumeni sendromu<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nTP53<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nMeme, yumu\u015fak doku ve kemik sarkomu, l\u00f6semi, beyin ve adrenal kortikal karsinom<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cowden sendromu<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nPTEN<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\nMeme, tiroid ve endometrium<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Lynch sendromu<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nMSH2 \u060c MLH1 \u060c MSH6 \u060c PMS2 \u060c EPCAM<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\nBa\u011f\u0131rsak, endometrium, yumurtal\u0131k, renal pelvis, pankreas, karaci\u011fer, mide, beyin, meme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ailesel adenomat\u00f6z polipoz<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nAPC<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\nBa\u011f\u0131rsak, beyin, mide, kemik ve derinin k\u00f6t\u00fc huylu ve iyi huylu t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
retinoblastom<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nRB1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\nG\u00f6z (retina), melanom ve yumu\u015fak doku sarkomu<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7oklu endokrin neoplazi tip 2<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nemekli \u0648<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nTiroid bezi (medulla), adrenal bezin iyi huylu t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
von Hippel-Lindau sendromu<\/span><\/span><\/td>\nVHL<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/td>\nB\u00f6brek, \u00e7oklu kanserli olmayan t\u00fcm\u00f6rler<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kaynak: Ulusal Kanser Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Genetik test herkes i\u00e7in de\u011fildir. <\/span>Korpman, “Kimlerin genetik test yapt\u0131rmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi konusunda baz\u0131 k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 bayraklar var” diyor. <\/span>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki durumlarda genetik testi de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilirsiniz:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Size gen\u00e7ken veya meme kanseri veya 50 ya\u015f\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki kolon kanseri gibi belirli kanserler i\u00e7in k\u0131lavuzlardan daha gen\u00e7ken kanser te\u015fhisi konuldu.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Kanser, meme veya b\u00f6brek gibi iki ki\u015filik bir grupta her iki organda da bulunur (genellikle bilateral kanser olarak bilinir).<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Ailenizin bir taraf\u0131nda ayn\u0131 t\u00fcr kanser te\u015fhisi konmu\u015f birden fazla akraban\u0131z olmas\u0131 gibi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir aile kanser ge\u00e7mi\u015finiz var.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Ailenizde birden fazla kanser t\u00fcr\u00fc var.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Bilinen bir genetik mutasyona sahip ba\u015fka bir aile \u00fcyesi.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Aile \u00fcyelerine erken ya\u015fta kanser te\u015fhisi kondu.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Afrika k\u00f6kenli Amerikal\u0131 veya A\u015fkenaz Yahudisi gibi belirli bir etnik k\u00f6kene sahip olmak ve kanser riskiyle ili\u015fkili genlerdeki mutasyon riskiniz y\u00fcksek olabilir.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Bir genetik dan\u0131\u015fman, genetik testin faydal\u0131 olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir ve genellikle test sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 yorumlamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan profesyoneldir. <\/span>Korbman, genetik test yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 se\u00e7erseniz, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ald\u0131ktan sonra ya\u015fayabilece\u011finiz duygu dalgas\u0131na haz\u0131rlanman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6nerir. <\/span>Korbman, “Olumlu bir sonu\u00e7 sizi endi\u015feli veya su\u00e7lu hissettirebilir” diyor. <\/span>“Bazen kabul edilmesi en zor \u015fey, bunu \u00e7ocuklar\u0131na ge\u00e7irmi\u015f olabilece\u011fidir.”<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Genetik testin s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n\u0131 ve nas\u0131l yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlay\u0131n Kansere yakalanma riskinizi azaltmak i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok ad\u0131m atabilirsiniz. Sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmak. Alkol t\u00fcketimini azalt\u0131n. G\u00fcne\u015f kremi kullan\u0131n. Bu ve di\u011fer ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, kanser geli\u015ftirme riskinizi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltabilir. Ancak, do\u011fu\u015ftan sahip oldu\u011funuz kanser risklerini y\u00f6netmek s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, genetik profilinizde gizlenmi\u015f olabilecek bu riskler, diyetinizi veya g\u00fcnl\u00fck …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16570,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-tr"],"yoast_head":"\nGenetik testin s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n\u0131 ve nas\u0131l yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlay\u0131n - zdmaa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/zdmaa.com\/tr\/understand-limits-of-genetic-tests-how-they-help\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Genetik testin s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n\u0131 ve nas\u0131l yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlay\u0131n - zdmaa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Genetik testin s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131n\u0131 ve nas\u0131l yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011funu anlay\u0131n Kansere yakalanma riskinizi azaltmak i\u00e7in bir\u00e7ok ad\u0131m atabilirsiniz. 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Sigaray\u0131 b\u0131rakmak. Alkol t\u00fcketimini azalt\u0131n. G\u00fcne\u015f kremi kullan\u0131n. Bu ve di\u011fer ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, kanser geli\u015ftirme riskinizi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltabilir. 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