{"id":18033,"date":"2022-01-06T20:18:38","date_gmt":"2022-01-06T17:18:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zdmaa.com\/how-do-cancer-cells-often-send-the-wrong-signals\/"},"modified":"2022-01-06T20:41:47","modified_gmt":"2022-01-06T17:41:47","slug":"how-do-cancer-cells-often-send-the-wrong-signals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zdmaa.com\/tr\/how-do-cancer-cells-often-send-the-wrong-signals\/","title":{"rendered":"Kanser h\u00fccreleri s\u0131kl\u0131kla nas\u0131l yanl\u0131\u015f sinyaller g\u00f6nderir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kanser h\u00fccreleri s\u0131kl\u0131kla nas\u0131l yanl\u0131\u015f sinyaller g\u00f6nderir?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\u0130nsan v\u00fccudu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde h\u00fccreler aras\u0131nda ve h\u00fccreler i\u00e7inde g\u00f6nderilen milyarlarca kimyasal sinyal nedeniyle i\u015flev g\u00f6r\u00fcr. <\/span>Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 h\u00fccreler, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini d\u00fczenlemek, kaslar\u0131n ve organlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak ve say\u0131s\u0131z biyolojik g\u00f6rev listesini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in sinyal al\u0131\u015fveri\u015finde bulunur. <\/span>Bu sinyaller ayr\u0131ca h\u00fccrelerin nas\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve yeni, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 h\u00fccrelere (apoptoz ad\u0131 verilen) yer a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in kapand\u0131klar\u0131nda da belirler – v\u00fccudun yaral\u0131 dizini nas\u0131l iyile\u015ftirdi\u011finden cildin nas\u0131l ya\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve beynin nas\u0131l geli\u015fti\u011fine kadar her \u015feyi belirleyen kritik s\u00fcre\u00e7ler. ve a\u011fr\u0131y\u0131 i\u015fler.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bu s\u00fcrekli ileti\u015fim, v\u00fccudun sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve geli\u015fimi i\u00e7in o kadar kritiktir ki, h\u00fccresel sinyaller ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu\u011funda, parazit diyabet veya kanser gibi bir dizi duruma veya hastal\u0131\u011fa neden olabilir. <\/span>Asl\u0131nda ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bir\u00e7ok kanserin bu sinyaller kesildi\u011finde, sapt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya ba\u015fka, daha zararl\u0131 kullan\u0131mlara tabi tutuldu\u011funda olu\u015ftu\u011fu sonucuna varm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. <\/span>Bu son teknoloji bilgi, yeni ve geli\u015fmekte olan bir kanser tedavisi hatt\u0131na yol a\u00e7an ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n ana odak noktas\u0131 haline geldi.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bilim adamlar\u0131, h\u00fccresel sinyallerin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda ne oldu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda daha fazla \u015fey \u00f6\u011frendik\u00e7e, k\u0131r\u0131k kanser h\u00fccrelerinden gelen sinyalleri yakalaman\u0131n v\u00fccudun hastal\u0131klarla sava\u015fmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilece\u011fini ke\u015ffediyorlar. <\/span>\u00d6rne\u011fin baz\u0131 ila\u00e7lar, kanser h\u00fccrelerinin ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminden ka\u00e7mak i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi sinyalleri bloke etmek i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <\/span>Di\u011fer durumlarda, kanser h\u00fccresi sinyali bir gizem ve gelecekteki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir odak noktas\u0131 olmaya devam ediyor. <\/span>Amerika Kanser Tedavi Merkezlerinde T\u0131bbi Onkoloji Anabilim Dal\u0131 Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Dr. Pamela Creeley, “H\u00fccre sinyalle\u015fmesinin incelikleri, apoptozdan ka\u00e7\u0131nma ve di\u011fer h\u00fccre b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi ve d\u00fczenleme mekanizmalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenece\u011fimiz \u00e7ok \u015fey var” diyor. . <\/span><\/span>\u00ae<\/span><\/span><\/sup> (CTCA) ve Philadelphia Hastanemizdeki t\u0131bbi onkoloji b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015fefi. <\/span>“Ayn\u0131 zamanda biyoloji, onkoloji ve imm\u00fcnoloji alanlar\u0131nda bilimsel bulgular\u0131 tedavilere \u00e7evirebilecek \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler oldu.”<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

mesaj\u0131 al<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

H\u00fccre, y\u00fczeyindeki resept\u00f6rler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla mesajlar\u0131 al\u0131r. <\/span>Resept\u00f6rler, di\u011fer h\u00fccrelerden protein molek\u00fclleri veya ligandlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kimyasal sinyaller alan e\u015fde\u011fer h\u00fccresel antenler gibidir. <\/span>Ba\u011f resept\u00f6re ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sinyalin h\u00fccre y\u00fczeyine n\u00fcfuz etmesini ve sitoplazma ad\u0131 verilen kal\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131ya ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir zincirleme reaksiyon ba\u015flat\u0131r. <\/span>H\u00fccrenin i\u00e7ine girdikten sonra mesaj, sinyal yolu boyunca bir enzimden di\u011ferine, hedefine, yani her h\u00fccrenin DNA’s\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu \u00e7ekirde\u011fe ula\u015fana kadar iletilir. <\/span>H\u00fccre daha sonra sinyalde kodlanm\u0131\u015f talimatlar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Herhangi bir g\u00fcnde, v\u00fccudun h\u00fccreleri milyarlarca sinyal g\u00f6nderir ve al\u0131r. <\/span>Baz\u0131 kanser h\u00fccrelerinde, b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi d\u00fczenlemek veya apoptozu ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderilen sinyaller k\u0131sa devre yapar ve bu da t\u00fcm\u00f6rlere yol a\u00e7abilen h\u0131zl\u0131 h\u00fccre b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine neden olur. <\/span>\u00d6rne\u011fin, normal h\u00fccrelerin y\u00fczeyinde bulunan insan epidermal b\u00fcy\u00fcme fakt\u00f6r\u00fc resept\u00f6r\u00fc 2 (HER2), h\u00fccrelerin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan sinyaller g\u00f6nderir. <\/span>Baz\u0131 meme kanseri hastalar\u0131nda h\u00fccreler \u00e7ok fazla HER2 resept\u00f6r\u00fc \u00fcretir ve bu da kontrols\u00fcz b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye yol a\u00e7abilecek a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 sinyal y\u00fcklenmesine neden olur.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ana sinyali atla<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 h\u00fccreler b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeye ve geli\u015fmeye devam ederken, kanser h\u00fccreleri bu sinyal yollar\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ele ge\u00e7irebilir ve onlar\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fin b\u00fcy\u00fcmelerine ve yay\u0131lmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in zararl\u0131 \u015fekillerde kullanabilir. <\/span>V\u00fccuttaki en eski ve en \u00f6nemli sinyal yollar\u0131ndan birine kirpi denir. <\/span>Do\u011fumdan \u00f6nce ve \u00e7ocukluk d\u00f6neminde daha aktif olan kirpi yolu, v\u00fccuda organlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, derimizi ve kemiklerimizi nas\u0131l geli\u015ftirip koruyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyen \u00e7e\u015fitli talimatlar iletir. <\/span>Yeti\u015fkinli\u011fe girdi\u011fimizde, kanser h\u00fccreleri onu tekrar aktive etmedik\u00e7e Kirpi yolu neredeyse kapan\u0131r. <\/span>Bir kez etkinle\u015ftirildi\u011finde, biz ya\u015fland\u0131k\u00e7a v\u00fccudun olgunla\u015fmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan sinyal yolu art\u0131k t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerin yay\u0131lmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. <\/span>California bilim adamlar\u0131, Kirpi yolunun yeniden etkinle\u015ftirilmesini gastrointestinal stromal t\u00fcm\u00f6rlere ba\u011flad\u0131lar, Kuzey Carolina ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131 ise yolu yeniden etkinle\u015ftiren bir sinyalin oldu\u011fu sonucuna vard\u0131.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bilim adamlar\u0131, h\u00fccresel ileti\u015fim baz\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerin geli\u015fmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olman\u0131n anahtar\u0131ysa, davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 tersine \u00e7evirmek ve baz\u0131 durumlarda kanseri \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131labilece\u011fine inan\u0131yor. <\/span>Belirli bir resept\u00f6r, ligand veya yol i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f ila\u00e7lar\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesi, farkl\u0131 kanser t\u00fcrlerini tedavi etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan baz\u0131 hedefe y\u00f6nelik tedavilerin temelidir. <\/span>Bu ila\u00e7lar, h\u00fccresel ileti\u015fimi \u015fu yollarla bozmak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Ligand\u0131 gelece\u011fe ba\u011flanamayacak \u015fekilde hedefleyin. <\/span>\u00d6rne\u011fin, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmayan kolorektal, meme, b\u00f6brek ve akci\u011fer kanserlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra baz\u0131 beyin t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerini tedavi etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bevacizumab (Avastin\u00ae), belirli bir proteinin b\u00fcy\u00fcme sinyallerini tetikleyen bir resept\u00f6re ba\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve kanserin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine ve geli\u015fmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan ileti\u015fim.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • Al\u0131c\u0131ya gidin. <\/span>\u00d6rne\u011fin, HER2 pozitif meme kanseri i\u00e7in en s\u0131k re\u00e7ete edilen ila\u00e7lardan biri olan trastuzumab (Herceptin\u00ae), kusurlu HER2 protein resept\u00f6rlerini hedef almak ve b\u00fcy\u00fcme sinyallerini engellemek i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • H\u00fccre i\u00e7indeki sinyal yolunu hedefleme. <\/span>Resept\u00f6r aktive edildi\u011finde, bir\u00e7ok h\u00fccresel sinyal i\u00e7in bir a\u00e7ma ve kapama d\u00fc\u011fmesi g\u00f6revi g\u00f6ren tirozin kinaz olarak bilinen bir enzimi serbest b\u0131rak\u0131r. <\/span>Baz\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck h\u00fccreli olmayan akci\u011fer kanserlerini ve pankreas kanserlerini tedavi etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan erlotinib (Tarceva\u00ae) gibi tirozin kinaz inhibit\u00f6rleri bu anahtar\u0131 kapal\u0131 tutmak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Dr. Crilly, umudun, bu ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 kullanman\u0131n ve sinyal yollar\u0131n\u0131n incelikleri hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi edinmenin yeni yollar\u0131n\u0131 bulman\u0131n kanser ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yeni kanser tedavileri geli\u015ftirmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. <\/span>“Sinyal yollar\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak, bilim adamlar\u0131na \u00f6nemli bir etkisi olabilecek yeni ila\u00e7 tedavileri hakk\u0131nda fikir verebilir” diyor.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    Daha iyi tedaviler ve \u00f6nleme stratejileri aray\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olan bilim adamlar\u0131, en zorlu ortamlarda bile kanserin nas\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve hayatta kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda daha fazla \u015fey \u00f6\u011freniyor. <\/span>Bu blog, Kanser Nas\u0131l Yapar? adl\u0131 ara s\u0131ra yay\u0131nlanan bir dizinin par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span>B\u00fcy\u00fcyen anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131za katk\u0131da bulunan, yak\u0131n zamanda ke\u015ffedilen kanserle ilgili davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 vurgulamak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Kanser h\u00fccreleri s\u0131kl\u0131kla nas\u0131l yanl\u0131\u015f sinyaller g\u00f6nderir? \u0130nsan v\u00fccudu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde h\u00fccreler aras\u0131nda ve h\u00fccreler i\u00e7inde g\u00f6nderilen milyarlarca kimyasal sinyal nedeniyle i\u015flev g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 h\u00fccreler, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini d\u00fczenlemek, kaslar\u0131n ve organlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak ve say\u0131s\u0131z biyolojik g\u00f6rev listesini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in sinyal al\u0131\u015fveri\u015finde bulunur. Bu sinyaller ayr\u0131ca h\u00fccrelerin nas\u0131l b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve yeni, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 h\u00fccrelere …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":18017,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18033","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-tr"],"yoast_head":"\nKanser h\u00fccreleri s\u0131kl\u0131kla nas\u0131l yanl\u0131\u015f sinyaller g\u00f6nderir? - zdmaa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/zdmaa.com\/tr\/how-do-cancer-cells-often-send-the-wrong-signals\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kanser h\u00fccreleri s\u0131kl\u0131kla nas\u0131l yanl\u0131\u015f sinyaller g\u00f6nderir? - zdmaa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Kanser h\u00fccreleri s\u0131kl\u0131kla nas\u0131l yanl\u0131\u015f sinyaller g\u00f6nderir? \u0130nsan v\u00fccudu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde h\u00fccreler aras\u0131nda ve h\u00fccreler i\u00e7inde g\u00f6nderilen milyarlarca kimyasal sinyal nedeniyle i\u015flev g\u00f6r\u00fcr. 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